NOTE for beginners: PICs are general purpose microcontrollers which have to be programmed before you can use them in the actual circuit! Check out this link to learn more.

If you are looking for walkie-talkie or RF wireless and IR circuits, please check here (this page has nothing to do with walkie-talkie circuits).

RF wireless and IR transmitter, built-in antenna
same RF wireless and IR transmitter with external antenna

RF wireless and IR receiver, 4 channels
same receiver PCB with IR module

description
This is a general purpose remote control project with using programmable PIC microcontrollers. Schematics are shown for using infrared (RF wireless and IR) or radio (RF wireless and IR) media. If you are not familiar with microcontroller programming, you can use fixed encoder and decoder integrated circuits instead. Well-known such IC-s are Holtek HT-12D, HT-12E and Motorola MC145026, MC145027, MC145028.

Remote controls usually consist of encoder/decoder parts connected to a transmitter/receiver module which takes care of the transmission of digital signals by radio or infra waves. The format of this project's signal is designed to be ideal even for the cheapest ASK RF wireless and IR modules (using 50% signal/silence ratio), and it is similar to the Philips RC-5 format used in infrared remote controls. The transmitter has a varying number of buttons and sends the states of these inputs to the receiver. The receiver device decodes the message and sets the outputs accordingly.

general schematic for remote controls

encoder methods
There are two different methods for encoding/decoding channel information:

for remote control - this page is about remote control. The information about which key is pressed is encoded and sent.
You can press at most one key at a time on the encoder, and only the code for the pressed key is sent to the decoder. This is an efficient method for general remote control

parallel channels - please see older codecs for such designs. The state of all inputs are encoded and sent.
The input to the encoder is the state of buttons or TTL inputs. Every input channel state is encoded into each message sent to the decoder (one bit per channel), so TTL inputs can change asynchronously, and any number and combination of buttons can be pressed and encoded, the same state is reproduced on the decoder outputs. This method is suitable for modeling AND remote control, but messages are longer. Analog channels would also be possible, but are not yet implemented

remote control
Current devices have 4 or 8 channels - it means they are capable of controlling the state of 4 or 8 switched outputs. Each transmitter and receiver has an address, and the transmitter address must match the address of the receiver to control the channels. The transmitters are capable of sending three different types of codes for the available channels:

transmitting simple code indicating that the button for a channel is pressed - it can be used for momentary or toggled channel outputs
transmitting channel ON codes - it is used for turning on latched channel outputs
transmitting channel OFF codes - used for turning off latched channel outputs
All the receivers have an indicator LED showing that a valid packet was received. Receivers can have different type outputs for each channel:

momentary output - the channel output is turned ON while the corresponding transmitter button is pressed
latched output - the last received state is kept. The channel output can be toggled on/off by a momentary button press, or the output can be turned on or off by specific ON/OFF-type transmitter codes
Combining different code-type transmitters with receivers with different type channels, great versatility is achieved. The possible combinations are described below. transmitter channel type code receiver channel type resulting behaviour
simple code momentary the channel output is turned ON while the corresponding transmitter button is pressed, and turned OFF when the button is released

simple code latched the channel output state is toggled each time its button is pressed: when the corresponding transmitter button is pressed, the output is turned on. By pressing the same button again, the channel output is turned off
channel ON latched the channel output is turned on when the corresponding transmitter button is pressed
channel OFF latched the channel output is turned off when the corresponding transmitter button is pressed

Current choice of devices:

name channels and types addresses source code

4-channel RF wireless and IR/IR transmitter 4 channels, 8 buttons - each channel has 2 buttons: ON and OFF (for latched receiver operation)
16 (4-bit) 4-ch RF wireless and IR
4-ch IR

8-channel RF wireless and IR/IR transmitter 8 channels, 8 buttons (for toggle or momentary receiver operation) 16 (4-bit) 8-ch RF wireless and IR
8-ch IR
8-channel RF wireless and IR/IR receiver 8 channels: each channel can be latched or momentary 16 (4-bit) 8-ch RF wireless and IR
8-ch IR
4-channel RF wireless and IR/IR receiver 4 channels: each channel has both momentary AND latched outputs (2 outputs per channel) 16 (4-bit) 4-ch RF wireless and IR
4-ch IR

4/8-channel V4.2 RF wireless and IR transmitter
The transmitter has 8 buttons. The 8-channel transmitter can be used for controlling 8 channels by sending simple codes, the 4-channel transmitter can be used with four ON and four OFF buttons for 4 channels. The diode wires (J1-J4) determine the transmitter address. The number of channels (and button functions) depends on the PIC code used.

RF wireless and IR transmitter schematic

4/8-channel V4.2 IR transmitter
The transmitter has 8 buttons. The 8-channel transmitter can be used for controlling 8 channels by sending simple codes, the 4-channel transmitter can be used with four ON and four OFF buttons for 4 channels. The diode wires (J1-J4) determine the transmitter address. The number of channels (and button functions) depends on the PIC code used.
IR transmitter schematic

8-channel V4.2 IR/RF wireless and IR receiver
The receiver has 8 relay-switched NO/NC outputs for 8 channels. Each channel can be set to momentary or latched operation. The address is set by switch S1. The schematic shows the RF wireless and IR version of the receiver, the IR version differs only in the receiver module - a 3-pin IR receiver IC, like TSOP1738 is used

8-channel RF wireless and IR receiver schematic

4-channel V4.2 IR/RF wireless and IR receiver

The receiver has 4 or 8 relay-switched NO/NC outputs for 4 channels. Each channel has both momentary AND latched outputs (2 outputs per channel). LM[0-3] outputs are latched outputs of channels, and LM[4-7] outputs are momentary outputs of channels. The 4-relay PCB can be re-wired to select momentary or latched output for the four relays. The address is set by switch S1. The schematic shows the RF wireless and IR version of the receiver, the IR version differs only in the receiver module - a 3-pin IR receiver IC, like TSOP1738 is used

4/8-channel RF wireless and IR receiver schematic, decoder part

4-channel RF wireless and IR/IR receiver schematic, relays

4-channel V4.2 monitoring IR/RF wireless and IR receiver

The receiver is to display received packets and communication errors on a 2x16 character LCD display. The display is connected through a special 3-wire serial inteRF wireless and IRace which is described here.
RF wireless and IR transmitter/receiver modules
It is possible, but not easy to construct a working RF wireless and IR transmitter or receiver. High frequency circuits need special expertise and equipment so I recommend that you buy a working RF wireless and IR module. I used the following devices: HX1000 transmitter, RX1010 receiver from RF wireless and IRM and small PCB panels: RF wireless and IR-EZ transmitters, RX-3302 super-regenerative receiver, Telecontrolli sup-reg and super-heterodyne receivers. The RF wireless and IR modules are available from a lots of companies. Here is a list of companies from Oricom:
Laipac, Linx, IMST, Glolab, Semelab, Sage, Axonn, Lincast, Abacom, Ramsey, Orbit, Innomedia, RF wireless and IR Innovations, Radiometrix, OKWElec, Temic, Telecontrolli, Lemos, Unilink, TrueBlue, Parallax, Computronics, VideoComm, Rentron (schematics), RF wireless and IRM Wireless RF Remote Control Extender Review
by Clint DeBoer ¡ª last modified April 10, 2005 20:00

SummaryProduct Name: Wireless RF Remote Control Extender
Manufacturer: Next Generation Home Products, Inc.
Performance Rating:
Value Rating:
Review Date: April 10, 2005
MSRP: $59.95

Specifications
Features

Works with most AA and AAA powered remotes
Receiver has built in charger
Available in 433 MHz or 418 MHz
Triple eye IR emitter
100+ feet (30 meter) range
Includes external bright eye emitter
Specifications
Operating Range: 100+ feet (30+ meters)
Operating Frequency: 433.92 MHz
FCC ID: SB7AAA

AC Adapter Input: 110 VAC, 60 Hz
AC Adapter Output: 12 VDC, Minimum 100mA
Battery: 1.5V 2/3 AAA (rechargeable)
ProsEasier to use than anything else in your system
Handles a majority of remote control codes
Spare battery and built-in recharger
Exceptionally long range (100+ feet)
Works with AA or AAA battery powered remotes
ConsNot yet compatible with Universal Remote brand MX series remote controls
Upgrade remotes and you may need to send in for a replacement transmitter

IntroductionVery seldom do I catch myself uttering the word "genius" silently to myself as I'm reviewing a piece of equipment. I have to say, I had my doubts about the Remote Control Extender when it was first brought to my attention last month. How can an IR remote control be automatically converted into a wireless RF remote simply by installing a battery/transmitter device in the unit itself. It just didn't make sense until Bob Dolatowski, President of Next Generation Home Products, Inc explained his product to us in detail.
Remote Control Extender Review KeySpan Digital Media Remote Control USB To Ir F/ Mac Multimedia Device
Other products by Keyspan



21 Reviews
5 star: (8)
4 star: (6)
3 star: (6)
2 star: (0)
1 star: (1)

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(21 customer reviews)| More about this product

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Technical Details
Windows & Mac Compatible
IR remote and reciever. Works up to 40 ft in distance.
Controls your multimedia applications by sending them the same keystrokes that you do when you control the application from the keyboard
Includes "key maps" for PowerPoint, iTunes, Windows Media Player, RealPlayer, WinAmp, Music Match, QuickTime player, DVD players and other popular applications
Software can be customized by the user to support additional applications
. See more technical details

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Product Details

Product Dimensions: 5.5 pounds
Shipping Weight: 1 pounds
Shipping: Currently, item can be shipped only within the U.S.
ASIN: B0000513KE
Item model number: URM-15A
Average Customer Review:
21 Reviews
5 star: (8)
4 star: (6)
3 star: (6)
2 star: (0)
1 star: (1)

See all 21 customer reviews...

(21 customer reviews)
Amazon.com Sales Rank
Popular in this category: (What's this.)

#62 in Electronics > Accessories & Supplies > Office Electronics Accessories > Presentation Supplies

Discontinued by manufacturer: Yes
Date first available at Amazon.com: September 4, 1973

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Product Description

From the Manufacturer
The Keyspan Digital Media Remote is a powerful infrared remote which allows you to control multimedia applications on your computer in the same convenient way that you now control your home TV. Great for PowerPoint, iTunes, QuickTime, DVD players, CD players, the Windows Media Player and more.
The Keyspan Digital Media Remote controls your multimedia applications by sending them the same keystrokes that you do when you control the application from the keyboard. For example, if your program uses the "N" key to advance to a new slide, the Keyspan DMR Remote Control can send the same key to your application allowing you to control your application from across the room.

Product Description
The Keyspan Digital Media Remote is a powerful infrared remote which allows you to control multimedia applications on your computer in the same convenient way that you now control your home TV. The Keyspan Digital Media Remote controls your multimedia applications by sending them the same keystrokes that you do when you control the application from the keyboard. For example, if your program uses the "N" key to advance to a new slide, the Keyspan DMR Remote Control can send the same key to your application allowing you to control your application from across the room.

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Customer Reviews
21 Reviews
5 star: (8)
4 star: (6)
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2 star: (0)
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(21 customer reviews)


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Most Helpful Customer Reviews

4 of 6 people found the following review helpful:
Comfortable, versatile adn well worth the price, May 2, 2002
By Vincenzo G. Mastrolilli "...." (Santo Domingo, Republica Dominicana) - See all my reviews

Since the previous reviewer did a pretty good job of telling readers what this remote is all about I will just complement that review with my experiences. This device is awesome, I used as a TV remote with an ATI TV WONDER card and it worked great under both Windows ME and Windows 2k. The programing process can seem difficult at first, but it is really very intuitive and best of all, it works every time!!!. After a couple of days I was using the remote to launch and use Windows Media Player, Cyberlink's Power DVD, Musicmatch, Powerpoint and ATI's Multimedia Center. I even used it for shutting down my PC.
The only real shore was figuring out the keystroke pressed needed to do everything in this programs but I was just being lazy.

I thought the only thing lacking in this remote was a mouse pointer, so I tried using an X10 mouseremote, but that device suffers because it uses terrible software, which just made me apreciate Keyspan's device even more.

I encountered absolutely no technical problems using the Keyspan remote, I even switched it to a USB hub and it still worked great. Just follow the manual closely during installation and you will be fine. Review: naviPod (iPod Wireless Remote Control)
by Chris Lawson, clawson@atpm.com

Developer: TEN Technology/Dr. Bott

Price: $50

Requirements: iPod (there are different versions of the naviPod for different iPods)

Trial: None

I¡¯m a gadget geek. There, I said it. Some gadgets make it worth being saddled with this label, though, and the naviPod is one of them. I don¡¯t need a remote control for my iPod, because it¡¯s rarely out of arm¡¯s reach, but having one is a convenience I¡¯m certainly not complaining about. Those of you who use your iPods as part of a home stereo system, or who use them heavily in the car and don¡¯t want to deal with reaching for the iPod to change tracks, will greatly appreciate this device.

The naviPod is a three-piece unit, consisting of a wireless IR remote control about 25% larger than a silver dollar, an IR receiver about the size of a container of dental floss that snaps onto the top of the iPod and occupies the FireWire and audio-out ports, and a chrome-plated metal stand that snaps into the back of the IR receiver. The whole apparatus is quite attractive, with the two electronics modules matching the iPod¡¯s plastics and the stand matching the iPod¡¯s chrome casing. Assembly is very intuitive, in the spirit of the Macintosh experience, requiring only the joining of the IR receiver and the iPod and the receiver with its metal stand. The only assembly issue I had was with the alignment of the FireWire and audio plugs on the IR receiver, which are designed to be somewhat adjustable, since the spacing between FireWire and audio-out ports on the various iPods differs slightly. A quick adjustment to the FireWire plug achieved perfect alignment and no further issues were had.

Remote performance is on par with a typical IR remote control for your television or VCR. I had no problems operating the unit at a distance of up to 30 feet, with a clear line of sight to the receiver. It remains to be seen how long the included CR2032 lithium button-cell battery will last, but I anticipate it to be similar to other IR remotes (i.e., a few years). Battery life on the iPod is shortened slightly, but probably not enough to be an issue, since the purpose of the naviPod is to be used in a semi-permanent setting where AC power is likely to be readily available.

The remote, like the wired remotes included with Apple¡¯s second-generation iPods (and available separately for first-generation models with manual scroll wheels), controls audio functions only, including volume, play/pause, and skipping forward or backward track-by-track. The skip buttons function just as they would on the iPod, acting as fast forward or rewind buttons if held down. The iPod¡¯s remote protocol makes no provision for accessing the menus, and thus the naviPod can¡¯t either.

The biggest drawback to the naviPod is that its included stand renders it unusable with many iPod cases, including Dr. Bott¡¯s own LeatherPod (which itself cannot function effectively as a stand). With the stand removed from the IR receiver, the case can be left in place without much fuss. The manual notes that although the pass-through FireWire jack on the naviPod allows for recharging of the iPod via the power adapter (or via computer), it does not allow for data transfer to or from the iPod, so the naviPod must be removed in order to synchronize your iPod with your Mac. Attempting to synchronize the iPod with a Mac through the naviPod will not damage anything, but it simply doesn¡¯t work.

My only other complaint¡ªalbeit a minor one¡ªis with the remote, which, while very attractive, seems to have been designed with a ¡°function-follows-form¡¹ attitude in mind. The rounded bottom makes it nearly impossible to set on an angled surface without sliding. TEN should have taken a tip from Bose¡¯s Wave Radio remote and made the naviPod remote rectangular and flat.

I¡¯ve also been told that devices such as Griffin¡¯s iTrip will refuse to work in conjunction with the naviPod; I hope to address some of these potential problems in future reviews. For now, I suggest anyone wishing to use two devices such as these at the same time contact both manufacturers and do some investigating, and please post your findings as feedback below.

Enlarge this photo.
The Sony PS3 is the jack-of-all-trades of the console world. Not only does it represent some of the most advanced hardware ever to be dedicated to the business of gaming, but it also has a surprising number of secondary skills including web browser and media player. But one of the most important supplementary functions of the PS3 is the unit¡¯s built-in Blu-ray Disc (BD) movie playback. In fact, for some folks this is the primary reason for purchasing the system ¨C the PS3 is not only one of the best BD players currently available on the market, but it costs barely half as much as the next cheapest standalone model.
With Sony¡¯s heavy hyping of the PS3¡¯s extensive media capabilities, it¡¯s disappointing to discover that they didn¡¯t seem to learn from past history when it comes to integrating the PS3 with audio/video components.

Back when the original PS2 was released, one of its primary secondary features was that it could play DVD movies. However, beyond using the wired controller, it lacked any real remote control capabilities ¨C which made it far from most people¡¯s first choice when it came to DVD playback. Wireless remote or bust! Sony (et al) listened, and official add-on wireless remote controls began popping up on the market, each of which included a separate consumer infrared (CIR) receiver that plugged into one of the PS2¡¯s controller ports. Eventually when the company redesigned the PS2 into the newer ¡°slim¡¹ version in 2004, they built that CIR receiver right into the unit to make the unit more attractive for movie playback out-of-the-box.

Enlarge this photo.
Things looked bright for the PS3¡¯s future when the PlayStation Portable (PSP) was released, as it came with a built-in CIR receiver/transmitter (even though there is still no ¡°official¡¹ use for this). But then, just before the PS3 was released, disaster struck for universal remote controls everywhere. Sony revealed that the PS3 would not have an infrared receiver after all, and the optional BD movie remote control would be based on Bluetooth technology. Nooooo!

Now, there¡¯s nothing particularly wrong with Bluetooth. It¡¯s a great wireless solution that doesn¡¯t require line of sight to operate, and since the PS3 is already using Bluetooth for its controllers this would seem like a natural and cost effective extension. However, the one thing Bluetooth is not is friendly with home theater systems. No commonplace equipment available in the audio/video world uses Bluetooth for control. There are no remote automation systems designed to handle Bluetooth ¨C everything is either more traditional RF, or standard infrared.

So not only does this Bluetooth-only solution make it absolutely impossible to integrate that optional BD remote ¨C and thus control over the PS3 ¨C into any universal remote control, but it also makes it impossible for that Bluetooth remote to perform any regular home theater functions such as turning on the television or adjusting the volume. Bluetooth just isn¡¯t a good match for the audio/video world, and with Sony pushing use of the PS3 with high-end home theater systems it¡¯s unthinkable that such a basic necessity would be overlooked. ML-L3 Wireless Remote Control (Infrared)
Product Number 4730Key FeaturesKey Features
Trigger the shutter remotely when using slower shutter speeds to prevent camera movement
Offers immediate release mode and two second delay mode
Range approximately 16 feet in front of camera Digital SLR CamerasCompact Digital CamerasFilm CamerasCamera LensesFlashesFilm ScannersImaging SoftwarePhotography AccessoriesCases and Straps:

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